martyr

英 ['mɑ?t?] 美['mɑrt?]

近義詞victim

CET6TEM4IELTSGRE低頻詞常用詞匯

復(fù)數(shù):?martyrs;第三人稱單數(shù):?martyrs;過去式:?martyred;現(xiàn)在分詞:?martyring;

1. mart 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) + er 人元音互換 y=i=e => 為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而犧牲的人 ----- 烈士。
2. 中華英烈網(wǎng)：http://www.chinamartyrs.gov.cn/

martyr 殉道者

來自拉丁語martyr,來自希臘語martys,見證者，-r,所有格后綴，來自PIE*smer,mer,記住，記憶，詞源同memory,remember.后引申詞義殉道的人，為教而犧牲的人。

martyr: martyr: [OE] Etymologically, a martyr is a ‘witness’ – that was the original meaning of Greek mártur, which came ultimately from Indo-European *mer ‘remember’ (source of English memory, mourn, remember, etc). In Christian usage, the notion of someone dying as a ‘witness’ to their faith led to the application of mártur to ‘martyr’, and it was in this sense that it passed via Latin martyr into Old English.
=> memory, mourn, remember
martyr (n.): Old English martyr, from Late Latin martyr, from Doric Greek martyr, earlier martys (genitive martyros), in Christian use "martyr," literally "witness," probably related to mermera "care, trouble," from mermairein "be anxious or thoughtful," from PIE *(s)mrtu- (cognates: Sanskrit smarati "remember," Latin memor "mindful;" see memory).

Adopted directly into most Germanic languages, but Norse substituted native formation pislarvattr, literally "torture-witness." General sense of "constant sufferer" is from 1550s. Martyr complex "exaggerated desire for self-sacrifice" is attested from 1920.
martyr (v.): Old English martyrian, from martyr (see martyr (n.)). Middle English also had a verb martyrize.

1. Jennifer responded with anger and played the martyr role.: 珍妮弗做出憤怒的反應(yīng)，開始大倒苦水。

2. The dead student is now being regarded as a martyr.: 這位死去的學(xué)生現(xiàn)在被視為烈士。

3. Ellsworth was a martyr to his sense of honour and responsibility.: 埃爾斯沃思深為自己的榮譽(yù)感和責(zé)任感所累。

5. The martyr laid down his life for the cause of national independence.: 這位烈士是為了民族獨(dú)立的事業(yè)而獻(xiàn)身的.